Apparatus for producing motive power.



11. MAXIM.

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING MOTIVE POWER.

APPLIOATIOK FILED APB.11, 1896.

Pat nted N011. 1, 1910.

. Inven'to');

WM. M

-may be utilized to PATENT orif ce. 7 l

mmson maxim, or new roux, my;

arranarus FOR rnonucme irorrvn rowan.

To all whom it may concern."

Be it known that I, HUnsoN MAXIM, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, and residing in the city, county, and State of New York,h-ave'invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ap aratusforProducing Motive Power, of w ich the following is a specification.

he presentinvention relates to a novel apparatus for producing motivepower and to a motor for utilizin such power although not necessarilylimite thereto.

The invention more particularly relates to ap aratusfor burnin a fuelunder pressure ro ucts of combustion as.

an utilizing .the a motivefluld to rive the-motor 'or engine.

These improvements, briefly stated, con

sist in injecting atmospheric air with the vapor of a fuel, burning thesame under pressure, cooling the gaseous roducts of combustion and thenutilizin t e more or less cooled products as a motive fluid. The heat ofthe gaseous products 0f combustion v generate steam which may be thenused to inject the air together and in addition serve to lower thetemperature of the combustion.

The im rovements further consist in util-. -1z1ng the eat of combustionor of the gase- -'ous products of combustion to evaporate a liquid fuelandto superheat the 'vapor thereof so that it'shall be so increased 1nvolume V as to automatically feed or inject itself and air into thecombustion chamber against-the pressure therein; the fuel and air beingthus supplied to the combustion chamber under a greater pressure thanthat in the combustion chamber..

I The improvements furthermore consist in generating acet lene directlyfrom the car-v d; in 'contro ling the formation of the acetylenethat itshall be formed only as fast and in such quantities as may be needed forimmediate. use; and in utilizing the acetylene by-its combustion forpreliminarily heatin the necessary parts of the apparatus an forstarting the motor, so that if desired another form of fuel may besiibaso . consist inutilizing the charge of carbid and the water for formingacetylene when the I apparatus and motor are employed in a boat orvessel as a'ballast therefor.

The'improvements still furtherconsist in the various novelconstructions, combinations of parts and details of construction all ashereinafter set forth and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

In carrying out the invention, a water and a fuel supply is provided andcontained by a suitable tank or tanks, the necessar pres- .sure'in whichto cause the proper eed of the fuel and if necessary of thewater is hadby utilizing the expansive force under ordinary atmospheric temperaturesof some liquid or vapor preferably acetylene which may be also containedby a suitable tank or formed when and as desired. Instead of action ofwater. In addition to using the.

expansive force of the acetylene for exerting pressure on the fuel tocause its feed, the

I Specification of LettersI'atent- Patented Nov. 1, 1910. IApplicatlonfiled Apr-111.1, 1888. Serial 116.587300. I i

acetylene thus'formed or otherwise provided may be utilized for startingthe ap aratus and preparin it to utilize another orm of fuel. Thus t eacetylene may be admitted with, a proper su ply of air into acombustion'chamber an there burned, the heatedJ8-5 products of.combustion passing thence through a tube or tubes arranged in awat'cr befinallyconvertedmore or less intosteam the supply of acetylene may bestopped and the other fuel be admitted to the combustion 'chamber, thisfuel being fed under pressure 'th rough'a' tube or tubes in the watercham-. ber so'that' the fuel '-will become vaporized and superheated andthus sufliciently in, creased in volume that it will pass into thecombustion chamber at apressure greater than that in said chamber, inwhich case the high pressure vapor may be util zed to inject the properquantity of air with the "chamber and .thence onward for ,-use orallowed to waste. The water in the cham-y ber-is .thus raised intemperature and may 0' 9 fuel vapor into .thec'ombustion chamber to asupport combustiontherein Theste'am gencratcd in the watel chamber b theheat of the combustion or of the pro ucts of combustion may also be usedas ameans of inecting the fuel vapor or air into the comustion chamberagainst the pressure therein or for simply augmenting the gaseousDroducts formed therein and for lowering temperature of combustion.Water may be supplied to the water chamber against the pressure thereinby the ex ansive force of acetylene or other vapor uid admitted to awater suppl tank or receiver; and this admission may be automaticallycontrolled by the height of water in the water chamber. The productsof.combustion afterpassing through the tube' or tubes of the water chamberare conducted thence for use in a motor or engine preferably of therotary type.

With this general understandlng of the improvements a detaileddescription of an apparatus adapted to carry them out will now be given,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is asectional elevation of the improved ap aratus, parts being broken awayfor lack 0 room and other parts closely assembled and shown in the sameplane for the same reason. Fig. 2 is a cross section of the carbid andwater cylinder and showing their connecting pipes.

Referring particularly to Fig. l, the apparatus consists of a fuelsupply A, a combustion chamber B for the fuel, a water chamber or boilerC heated by the products of combustion and a motor D to which saidproducts are conducted to act as a motive fluid. The oil for the fuel iscontained by a cylinder or tank a which by a pipe a leading from itsbottom connects with a coil a arranged within the water space of thechamber C and thence by a ipe a to an injector B communicating with'thecombustion chamber B. To provide and maintain sufiicient pressure in theoil tank a to cause inc while the pressure in the combustion chamberor*of the products of combustion supplied to the motor need not exceed,say

50 to 100 pounds to the square inch.

Assuming that the water in the chamber A C has been heated, the fuelpassing through the coil a will first be evaporated and then as the coilnears the hottest part of the chamber immediately adjacent thecombustion chamber will become highly heated or superheated so that thevolume of fuel vvapor will be increased in which condition it enters theinjector and by reason of its pressure and the force with which itpasses into the combustion chamber may serve to draw in with itsufiicient atmospheric air as will support its combustion in saidchamber. The injector B for this purpose is provided with one or morefunnel, shaped nozzles b the outer portions of which communicate withair orifices b in the shell of the injector, so that many streams of airmay be drawn in to mix with the fuel vapor on its way to combustionchamber.

The combustion chamber B with which the injector communicates ispreferably ar- .may be led off by a pipe 0 to the injector B to serve asa means for injecting or to aid in injecting fuel and the necessary air,and further as a means of augmenting the products of combustion passingthrough the conduit B and as a means of lowering the temperature of thecombustion in the chamber B; the supply of steam being regulated, ifdesired, by a needle valve 0. As the water evaporates and thesteam'passes off from the boiler C, .a water feed is provided in theform of a water supply tank a having a pipe 0 leading to the top of theboiler C, the

discharge end of said pipe in the boiler being controlled by a valve emoved by a float e regulated by the height of the water in the boiler.To obtain this feed of the water from its tank to the boiler and againstthe pressure therein, the pressure of the acetylene from the tank I) maybe utilized and for this purpose the pipe I) has abranch e leading tothe top of the'water tank 6. The acetylene from the single tank thusserving to feed the fuel and the water.

In order to place the apparatus in the first instance in condition forworking with the oil from the tank a the water in the boiler C should befirst sufiiciently raised in temperature as that the liquid fuel may bevaporized before entering the injector or combustion chamber. Thispreliminary heating may conveniently be had by burning a proper quantityof acet lene in the combustion chamber B, and or this purpose theacetylene pipe b is provided with a connection 6 controlled by a valvecommunicating with the pipe a leadin to the injector B.

The heated products 0 the combustion of.

. ratus may employ acetylene as its combusti-' ble vapor in which casethe oil tank a need 1 livering the acetylene with-air in l 'thecombustion chamber B will be conducted of! by .the conduit B to passintothe; motor D preferably of the-rotary type. In the form shown theproducts pass to the valve chamber D past the drip B", through the"bearing E and pipe B, finally leaving the engine through the exhaustpipe D. Pipes f and f serve forconducting cooling fluid to andfrom theengine jacket. j designates a reversing lever, E a "driving shaft and E-abearing. As this engine formsno art-of the invention herein claimed,furt er description is deemed unnecessary. The water-in theboiler C willthus be raised to the desired temperature whereupon the supply ofacetyleneto the injector will be cut off and the oil from the oil tank aallowedto pass through its heating coil a to vaporize and superheat iton its Way to the injector.

' It will be understood that all the various pipes referred to may havesnitable'valve's and check valves to control or shut-off the ply ofvapor, oil, steam and water to the charge of carbid, and with this tankemploy a water tank 7' connected top and bottom by pipes f, f with thetop and bottom of the carbid containing tank I). The water led to thetank I; will cause the generation of acetylene gas therein which may beallowed to pass to the tank f to equalize the pressure in both tanks andallow the water to'feed by gravity; the acet lene thus formed in thetank 6 beingcon uct.ed'ofi' for use as before described. I do notconsider it essential that two separate tanks 6 and f need beused toform the acetylene, such tanks being simply illustrative of a mode offorming acetylenegas.-

Whendesired, it is-evident that the apps not/be used What is claimedis 1. The combination with a boiler and its furnace, of a water-tankcommunicating with the boiler, an oil tank communicating.

with the furnace and a gas generator tiefor the purpose set forth. 5 2.The combination with a boiler and its furnace, of an oil tank, anevaporating coil gas under pressure to both tanks,"

' havi within the boiler, and communicating with saidt'ank and with thefurnace and a gas generator delivering under pressure to said tank, forthe )urpose set'forth. I

- 3. The combination with a boiler and its furnace, of an oil tank, anevaporating coil, within theboiler and communicating with saidtank andwith the furnace, a coil lead-' ing from the furnace through the boilerand onward, and a gas generator delivering gas under pressure to saidtank, for the purpose'setforth.

4. The combination with a boilerand its furnace, of an oil tank, anevaporating'eoil within the boiler and communicating-with said tank andwith the furnace, an'acetylenev pressure su ply leading to said tank anda connection naoe, as set forth.

5. The combination of a water boiler, a combustion chamber projectinwithin said boiler, an oil tank connected wit the combustionchamber,-and awater tank connected with the boiler, a source of gaseousfuel under pres-, sure and connections between the. source a of aseousfuel and the water tank, the oil tan: and the combustion chamber.

I 6. The combination of a boiler, a source of liquid fuel, a source ofgaseous fuel under tween said supply-and the'furpressure, a combustionchamber, and connec- I tions between the source of gaseous fuel-and thecombustion chamber, the liquid fuel and the combustion chamber, andbetween the sources of liquid and gaseous fuel.

7. The combination of a boiler, a motor, a combustion chamber, an imrforate conduit leading through the boi er from sa d chamber .to themotor, a source of liquid fuel,- anda conduit leading through saidboiler, from the fuel source to the combustion chamber;

8. The combination of a boiler, a motor, a combustion chamber deliveringproducts of combustion under ressure to said motor, a source of liquidthrough the boiler from the combustion through the boiler from thefuelsource to from the boiler to the combustion chamberf andfluid-pressure means inde ndent o steam-pressure for .forcing, said uelto said combustion chsmber. 5

liquid was.

"and connect each to the combustion chamber an' tothe other.

10.- The tion'of a boiler orli uid receptacle, e cojnibustion chamber(wit in said boiler, smoker, a conduit leading from.

the :combu'stiona'chamb'er to the motor, and.

its surface exposed-to the liquid in the boiler, a source-of fuelsuppl aconduit uel, connections [leading 110-" I chamber-to the motor,connections leading the combustion chamber, connections leading 9."A"eombustion chamber, a .source of l of gaseous fuelsilpp y, j

leading from the source of fuelffsupply to the combustion chamber andhavin an extended surface exposed to the liqui 1n the boiler, and aconduit leading from the upper portion of the boiler through the liquidin the boiler and to the combustion chamber, whereby the products ofcombustion and steam from the boiler are united to form a motive fluid,and the fuel in passing from the source of fuel supply to the combustionchamber is subjected to the heating influence of the liquid in theboiler.

11. The combination of a boiler, a combustion chamber in said boilerprovided with a tortuous conduit in heat interchanging relation with thewater in said boiler supplying fluid pressure to a motor, a vapor burnerdelivering its products of combustion under super-atmospheric pressureto said chamber,

an oil supply tank delivering oil to said burner, and an acetylene gasgenerator delivelging acetylene under pressure tosaid oil tan V 12. Incombination, a boiler, an injector burner, a water tank communicatingwith said boiler, an oil tank communicating with said burner, and anacetylene gas generator leading gas under pressure to each of said tanksand to said burner.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of twowitnesses. HUDSON MAXIM.

Witnesses GEO. H. GRAHAM, E. L. Tom).

